Regional anatomy
Abdomenவயிறு
The gut from stomach to large intestine, the solid organs beside it, and the great vessels behind.
Structures in this region
Read a structure’s notes, then open it selected in the atlas.
Stomach
A J-shaped muscular sac in the upper left abdomen, between the oesophagus and the small intestine.
NEET pointsLiver
The largest abdominal organ, filling the space under the right dome of the diaphragm.
NEET pointsGallbladder
Stores and concentrates bile between meals; it does not make it.
NEET pointsPancreas
An elongated gland lying across the back of the upper abdomen, its head cradled by the duodenum.
NEET pointsSpleen
A soft, fist-sized organ high in the left upper abdomen, behind the stomach.
NEET pointsDuodenum
The C-shaped first part of the small intestine; the bile and pancreatic ducts open into it together.
NEET pointsJejunum
View structureIleum
View structureCecum
View structureAppendix
View structureLarge intestine
Caecum with the vermiform appendix, then colon — ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid — then rectum.
NEET pointsKidney
A pair of reddish-brown bean-shaped organs against the back wall of the abdomen, each holding about one million nephrons — the functional units.
NEET pointsAdrenal gland
One on top of each kidney, with a central medulla and a surrounding cortex.
NEET pointsAbdominal aorta
View structureInferior vena cava
View structurePortal vein
View structureRenal artery
View structureNCERT chapters for this region
Digestion and Absorption
The whole alimentary canal in place — mouth and tongue, oesophagus, stomach, duodenum and the rest of the small intestine, large intestine — with the liver, gallbladder and pancreas beside it.
Class 11 · Unit V · Human PhysiologyExcretory Products and their Elimination
Both kidneys, both ureters, the bladder and the urethra as one connected tract.
Class 11 · Unit V · Human Physiology