Key relationship
qA′ = qA − f(qA−qB)/2; qB′ = qB + f(qA−qB)/2.
Physics · Class 12
Charge transfer and conservation
Two identical conducting spheres share charge when joined. Move the equalisation fraction from separated to fully connected and check the conserved total.
Open the interactive experiment →Charge transfer and conservation
ஒத்த கடத்திக் கோள்களை இணைத்தால் மின்னூட்டம் பகிர்கிறது. மொத்த மின்னூட்டம் மாறாது.
Key notes, relationships and model limits
Remember
Two identical conducting spheres share charge when joined. Move the equalisation fraction from separated to fully connected and check the conserved total.
Common trap
Charge is transferred, not created. The total charge of the isolated two-conductor system stays fixed.
Model limits
Identical isolated conducting spheres, far apart after contact; no charge leakage. Fraction models progress to equal sharing, not a transfer rate.
What you will learn
Use the controls and plotted relation to explain charge transfer and conservation.
Try the experiment
Try both scenarios, change one control, and predict the result before checking the graph and readouts.
Think of it this way
Change one input while keeping the others fixed, as you would in a controlled experiment.
Worked example
For +8 and −2 µC, full contact gives (8−2)/2 = +3 µC on each sphere.
Why this matters
The model connects charge transfer and conservation with an observable reading. Check the equation and assumptions before applying it.
Before you start
SI units · algebra · graph reading
Check your understanding
Initially A has +8 µC and B has −2 µC. After equal sharing?
- Each sphere has +6 µC.
- Each sphere has +3 µC; the total remains +6 µC.
- A remains +8 µC and B remains −2 µC after complete contact.
Read the explanation
Each sphere has +3 µC; the total remains +6 µC.
Course connection: Class XII Chapter 1. Consult the roadmap for CBSE, NEET, JEE Main and Advanced scope.