Key relationship
tanθcritical=µ; µrolling=c/r; a=g max(0,sinθ−µeff cosθ).
Physics · Practical apparatus
Sliding and rolling friction
Tilt a surface until gravity exceeds the stated drag threshold. The rolling option models effective rolling resistance rather than detailed rotational inertia.
Open the interactive experiment →Sliding and rolling friction
சாய்வு அதிகரித்து ஈர்ப்பு கூறு உராய்வை மீறும்போது இயக்கம் தொடங்கும். உருளும் தடைக்கு c/r விகிதம் பயன்படும்.
Key notes, relationships and model limits
Practical tip
Tilt a surface until gravity exceeds the stated drag threshold. The rolling option models effective rolling resistance rather than detailed rotational inertia.
Common trap
The threshold incline gives tanθ = μ in the stated model. Its rolling option omits rotational inertia and uses an effective drag.
Model limits
constant effective drag, equal static/kinetic coefficients for sliding. Rolling option omits rotational inertia and uses c/r; acceleration is translational under this drag approximation.
What you will learn
Adjust sliding and rolling friction apparatus, observe its reading and derive the indicated physical quantity.
Try the experiment
Try both scenarios, change one control, and predict the result before checking the graph and readouts.
Think of it this way
Change one input while keeping the others fixed, as you would in a controlled experiment.
Worked example
For µ=0.3, θcritical=arctan(0.3)≈16.70°.
Why this matters
The model connects sliding and rolling friction with an observable reading. Check the equation and assumptions before applying it.
Before you start
SI units · algebra · graph reading
Check your understanding
For a sliding block at the threshold angle, µ equals?
- sin θcritical.
- tan θcritical.
- cos θcritical.
Read the explanation
tan θcritical.
Course connection: Virtual apparatus preparation. Check exact board/exam membership in the syllabus sources. Physical practical work remains necessary.