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[1,5]-Hydrogen Shifts and Suprafacial Migration
Hydrogen is small enough to move across a conjugated framework through a compact cyclic transition-state arrangement. In a [1,5]-hydrogen shift, an H bonded at one end of a…
Explore lesson ChemistryLesson[2+2] Cycloadditions: Thermal Forbiddenness and Ketenes
Joining two C=C bonds into a cyclobutane seems like a simple counterpart to the Diels–Alder reaction. Yet two ordinary alkenes usually do not form a cyclobutane by a concerted…
Explore lesson ChemistryLesson1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and Stabilised Enolates
A 1,3-dicarbonyl compound contains two carbonyl groups separated by one carbon. If that central carbon bears hydrogen, it is often far more acidic than an alpha carbon next to…
Explore lesson ChemistryLesson1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions
Four- and six-membered rings do not exhaust cycloaddition chemistry. A three-atom 1,3-dipole can combine with an alkene or alkyne two-atom component to make a five-membered ring.…
Explore lesson ChemistryLesson1,5-Dicarbonyls and the Michael Reaction
A 1,5-dicarbonyl pattern often points backward to a Michael addition. One carbonyl-containing fragment acted as a nucleophilic donor, and an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl acted as an…
Explore lesson ChemistryCollection118 Element Profiles
Browse all 118 elements in the Kalviyogi ChemLab periodic table, with Tamil and English learning content and element profiles.
Explore lesson ChemistryLesson¹³C Chemical Shifts
Knowing how many carbon environments a molecule has is only half of ¹³C NMR. The other half is where each line appears. Carbon chemical shifts cover a range of more than 200 ppm…
Explore lesson ChemistryLab¹³C NMR
Each line in a ¹³C spectrum is one carbon environment.
Explore lesson ChemistryLab2D NMR correlation
2D NMR: cross-peaks show which protons are coupled (COSY) and which H is on which C (HSQC).
Explore lesson Biology3D atlas3D Human Atlas
Explore an adult male and an adult female reference anatomy and seven botany models in 3D. Isolate any structure, switch systems on and off, and read what each one is.
Explore lesson ChemistryLessonA First Look at the Periodic Table
Every chemistry laboratory and textbook has the same chart on its wall: the periodic table. At first glance it looks like a jumble of letters and numbers in an odd shape. In…
Explore lesson ChemistryLessonA Physical-Chemistry Calculation Map
Complex physical-chemistry questions often contain several familiar equations, but using the first equation that comes to mind can hide a wrong assumption. A calculation map…
Explore lesson ChemistryLessonA Short History of Chemistry
Chemistry did not begin in a modern laboratory. People were doing chemistry long before the word existed — every time they cooked food over a fire, fired clay pots, dyed cloth or…
Explore lesson ChemistryLessonA Statistical View of Phase Equilibrium
Phase diagrams can be built from molecular statistics because equilibrium seeks the state with appropriate minimum free energy. The partition function counts accessible…
Explore lesson BiologyAnatomy lessonAbdomen — 3D anatomy
The gut from stomach to large intestine, the solid organs beside it, and the great vessels behind. 17 named structures, each openable in an interactive 3D model.
Explore lesson BiologyAnatomy lessonAbdominal aorta — 3D anatomy
Abdominal aorta in the Abdomen: what it is, where it sits, and an interactive 3D model you can rotate and isolate.
Explore lesson ChemistryLessonAbnormal Apparent Molar Mass
A colligative experiment can give a molar mass that seems inconsistent with a compound's known formula. The experiment measures effective dissolved particle number, while the…
Explore lesson ChemistryCollectionAbout Kalviyogi ChemLab | Free Bilingual Chemistry Learning
Learn about the Kalviyogi ChemLab student project, its free learning approach, model limits and Tamil and English chemistry content.
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Physics
From a swinging pendulum to an electric field, change the variables and see the laws of physics at work.
Browse 291 learning pages →Chemistry
Turn molecules around, explore the elements, and connect your chapter notes to virtual experiments.
Browse 4747 learning pages →Biology
Connect biology concepts with human anatomy. Explore structures, systems and the science of life.
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