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Physics · Class 12

Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter

4 free physics experiments and lesson notes for Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter, with model limits, worked examples and Tamil explanations.

Photoelectric threshold

A photon must supply the work function before an electron can escape. Its remaining energy is the maximum kinetic energy. Greater intensity increases emission rate above threshold, while greater frequency raises maximum electron energy.

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Photoelectric collecting curves

A retarding collector removes low-energy electrons first, reaching zero current at the stopping potential. An accelerating collector collects the available electrons, producing saturation. Intensity and frequency move different parts of the curve.

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de Broglie wavelength

Matter wavelength is set by momentum. Equal accelerating voltage gives equal kinetic energy to electron and proton, but their different masses produce different momenta and wavelengths.

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