Key relationship
x=A sin(2πft+φ); T=1/f; ω=2πf.
Physics · Class 11
Align periodic signals
Period measures the time between repeats; frequency counts repeats per second. Phase shifts the signal along time without changing its period. Watch the current-point marker as the same pattern repeats.
Open the interactive experiment →Align periodic signals
காலம் ஒரு முழுச் சுழற்சிக்கான நேரம்; அதிர்வெண் ஒரு வினாடியில் உள்ள சுழற்சிகள். கட்டம் அலைவடிவத்தின் தொடக்க நிலையை மாற்றும்.
Key notes, relationships and model limits
Remember
Period measures the time between repeats; frequency counts repeats per second. Phase shifts the signal along time without changing its period. Watch the current-point marker as the same pattern repeats.
Common trap
Phase changes do not change the period.
Model limits
Ideal sinusoidal displacement signal; phase in degrees is converted to radians. A phase shift changes timing but not frequency or amplitude.
What you will learn
Read amplitude, period, frequency and phase from a periodic graph.
Try the experiment
Try both scenarios, change one control, and predict the result before checking the graph and readouts.
Think of it this way
Change one input while keeping the others fixed, as you would in a controlled experiment.
Worked example
With A=1 m, f=0.5 Hz and zero phase, x=sin(πt). It first reaches +1 m at t=0.5 s and repeats after 2 s.
Why this matters
The model connects align periodic signals with an observable reading. Check the equation and assumptions before applying it.
Before you start
SI units · algebra · graph reading
Check your understanding
What is the period of a 0.5 Hz signal?
- 0.5 s
- 2 s
- π s
Read the explanation
T=1/f=1/0.5=2 s.
Course connection: Class XI Chapter 13. Consult the roadmap for CBSE, NEET, JEE Main and Advanced scope.